The pattern often begins with criticisms and demands from one partner. A boyfriend may tell his girlfriend what clothes she should wear. Or he may tell her which friends she can see. The demands can worsen to threats and rage. Teens may not know how to respond to the threatening behavior and mind games. Teens may think that they are to blame and that they deserve the abuse.

Teens rarely seek help. So parents should watch for warning signs.

Signs of physical abuse include:

• Unexplained bruises

• Suddenly giving up friends or activities

• Change in looks or clothing

• Not doing schoolwork

• Sudden anger or being secretive

• Not letting you meet a date

Signs of emotional abuse include:

• Depressed or withdrawn behavior

• Use of alcohol or drugs

• Angry or destructive behavior

Teen girls may not always recognize abuse. This is especially true for girls with low self-esteem. Teach them. Teach boys, too, because researchers say some boys seem to feel it's OK to control girlfriends through violence.

It may be hard for your child to talk about problems in his or her dating life. Don't become angry or interfere if your child refuses to talk. Let them know that you care and that you want them to be safe. If you think that your child is the abuser in a relationship, confront them about it. Seek professional help.

What if you think your teen may be in an abusive relationship? Offer this advice:

• Always tell someone about the evening's plans.

• Consider double dating when possible.

• Have a plan for what to do if a date becomes abusive.

• Don't drink or take drugs.

• Know and carry emergency contact information.

• Trust your instincts.

Not getting into an abusive relationship is often a lot easier than getting out of one.