Prevention Guidelines for Men 18 to 39

January 19, 2018

Prevention Guidelines for Men 18 to 39

Here are the screening tests and immunizations that most men ages 18 to 39 need. A screening test is done to find possible disorders or diseases in people who don't have any symptoms. The goal is to find a disease early so lifestyle changes can be made and you can be watched more closely to reduce the risk of disease, or to detect it early enough to treat it most effectively. Screening tests are not considered diagnostic, but are used to determine if more testing is needed. Although you and your healthcare provider may decide that a different schedule is best for you, this plan can guide your discussion.

Screening	Who needs it	How often
Alcohol misuse	All adults	At routine exams
Blood pressure	All adults	Yearly checkup if your blood pressure is normal* Normal blood pressure is less than 120/80 mm Hg* If your blood pressure reading is higher than normal, follow the advice of your healthcare provider
Depression	All adults who have access to clinical practices with staff and systems in place to assure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up	At routine exams
Diabetes mellitus, type 2	All men who have no symptoms and are overweight or obese and have 1 or more additional risk factors for diabetes	At least every 3 years (annually if blood sugar has started to rise)
Diabetes mellitus, type 2	All men beginning at age 45	Every 3 years
Diabetes mellitus, type 2	All men with prediabetes	Every year
Hepatitis C	If at increased risk	At routine exams
HIV	All men	At routine exams
High cholesterol and triglycerides	All men ages 35 and older, and younger men at high risk for coronary artery disease	At least every 5 years
Obesity	All adults	At routine exams
Syphilis	Anyone at increased risk for infection	At routine exams
Chlamydia	Anyone at increased risk for infection	At routine exams
Gonorrhea	Anyone at increased risk for infection	At routine exams
Tuberculosis	Anyone at increased risk for infection	Check with your healthcare provider
Vision	All men in this age group1	Every 5 to 10 years if not risk factors for eye disease
Counseling	Who needs it	How often
Diet and exercise	Adults who are overweight or obese	When diagnosed and at routine exams
Sexually transmitted infection prevention	Men who are sexually active	At routine visits
Skin cancer	Prevention of skin cancer in fair-skinned adults through age 24	At routine visits
Tobacco use and tobacco-related disease	All adults	Every exam
Immunizations***	Who needs it	How often
Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis (Td/Tdap) booster	All adults	Td: every 10 years Tdap: substitute a 1-time dose of Tdap for a Td booster after age 18, then boost with Td every 10 years
Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR)	All adults in this age group who have no record of previous infection or vaccines**	1 or 2 doses
Chickenpox (varicella)	All adults in this age group who have no record of this infection or vaccinations**	2 doses; the second dose should be given 4 to 8 weeks after the first dose
Flu (seasonal)	All adults	Yearly, when the vaccine becomes available in the community
Hepatitis A	People at risk2	2 doses given at least 6 months apart
Hepatitis B	People at risk3	3 doses over 6 months; second dose should be given 1 month after the first dose; the third dose should be given at least 2 months after the second dose (and at least 4 months after the first dose)
Haemophilus influenzae Type B (HIB)	People at risk	1 to 3 doses
Human papillomavirus (HPV)	All men in this age group up to age 26	3 doses; the second dose should be given 1 to 2 months after the first dose and the third dose given 6 months after the first dose
Meningococcal	People at risk4	1 or more doses
Pneumococcal (PCV13) and pneumococcal (PPSV23)	People at risk5	PCV13: 1 dose ages 19 to 65 (protects against 13 types of pneumococcal bacteria) PPSV23: 1 to 2 doses through age 64, or 1 dose at 65 or older (protects against 23 types of pneumococcal bacteria)

*Recommendation from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines

**Exceptions may exist; discuss with your healthcare provider

***Those who are 18 years of age, who are not up-to-date on their childhood immunizations, should receive all appropriate catch-up vaccines recommended by the CDC.

1Recommendation from the American Academy of Ophthalmology

2For complete list, see the CDC website

3For complete list, see the CDC website

4People ages 19 to 21 years and who are first-year college students or have one of several medical conditions

5For complete list, see the CDC website

Screening guidelines from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Immunization schedule from the CDC

Updated:

January 19, 2018

Sources:

Evidence-based approach to prevention, Up To Date, Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccines Policy Update: Booster Dose Recommendations. Committee on Infectious Diseases. Pediatrics. Dec. 6, 2011;128(6):1213-8., Overview of Hypertension in Adults, Up To Date, Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, 2016, American Diabetes Association

Reviewed By:

Cunningham, Louise, RN,Hurd, Robert, MD,Taylor, Wanda, RN, PhD,Turley, Raymond Kent, BSN, MSN, RN