Understanding Arm Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF)
Understanding Arm Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF)
Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is done to treat to fix a broken bone. It puts the pieces of a broken bone back together so they can heal. Open reduction means the bones are put back in place during surgery. Internal fixation means that special hardware is used to hold the bone pieces together. This helps the bone heal correctly. The procedure is done by an orthopedic surgeon. This is a doctor with special training in treating bone, joint, and muscle problems.
How an arm fracture happens
The humerus is the bone in the upper part of your arm. An injury may cause it to break (fracture) into 2 or more pieces. Your humerus may be broken near your shoulder, in the middle of your upper arm, or near your elbow. The humerus can break with the pieces lined up correctly. Or the pieces of bone may not be lined up correctly. This is called a displaced fracture.
Why arm fracture ORIF is done
You are likely to need ORIF if:
You have a displaced fracture
Part of your humerus broke through the skin
Your humerus broke into several pieces
How arm fracture ORIF is done
The surgery can be done in several ways. The surgeon will make a cut (incision) through the skin and muscles of your arm. Or an incision will be made on the top of the shoulder. The surgeon puts the pieces of your humerus back in place. This is the reduction. Then special screws, plates, wires, or nails are used to hold the bone pieces together. This is the fixation.
Risks of arm fracture ORIF
All surgery has risks. The risks of arm fracture ORIF include:
Damage to the humerus from screws
Broken screws or plates
Infection
Bleeding
Nerve damage
Death of part of the humerus (avascular necrosis)
Loss of movement
Misaligned bone
Need for additional surgery
Problems from anesthesia
Your risks vary based on your age and general health. For example, if you are a smoker or if you have low bone density, you may have a higher risk for certain problems. People with diabetes that is not controlled well may also have a higher risk for problems. Talk with your healthcare provider about which risks apply most to you.
Updated:  
March 21, 2017
Reviewed By:  
Joseph, Thomas N., MD,Moloney, Amanda Jane (Johns), PA-C, MPAS, BBA