Allergen: Insect Stings

The insects that sting

Insects that are members of the Hymenoptera family most commonly cause allergic reactions. These include:

• Bees

• Wasps

• Hornets

• Yellow jackets

• Fire ants

Allergic reactions to insect stings

The reactions are usually at the site of the sting, with redness, swelling, pain and itching. Generally, the reaction lasts only a few hours, although some may last longer.

For some people, allergic reactions to insect stings can be life-threatening. The reaction is called anaphylaxis and can include severe symptoms such as:

• Itching and hives over most of the body

• Swelling of the throat and tongue

• Difficulty breathing and tightness in the chest

• Dizziness

• Headache

• Stomach cramps, nausea, or diarrhea

• Rapid fall in blood pressure

• Shock

• Loss of consciousness

Seek immediate medical attention.

Preventing stings

Preventive measures include:

• Keep food covered when eating outdoors.

• Be careful with open drink bottles, or cans. Insects can fly or crawl inside them.

• Avoid perfumes, hair products, and deodorants.

• Avoid wearing bright, flowered clothing. 

• Avoid going barefoot, and wearing sandals in grassy areas.

• When gardening, watch for nests in trees, shrubs, and flower beds.

• Be careful near swimming pools, woodpiles, under eaves of houses, and trash containers.

Treatment for stings

Suggestions for treatment for highly allergic people include:

• Immediately remove the stinger by scraping it with a fingernail. Do not squeeze the stinger, which may force the venom into the body.

• Always carry epinephrine self-injections called Epi-pens. Make sure you and those close to you know how to use them.

• With severe symptoms, get emergency treatment as soon as possible.

Talk with your healthcare provider about getting an epinephrine self-injector if you don't already have one. Ask about whether you need immunotherapy or allergy shots.