DISEASES AND CONDITIONS

Understanding Autism

February 15, 2018

Understanding Autism

Most infants and young children love to be held and cuddled. This helps them form close bonds with their parents and other caregivers. But children with autism may resist being touched. And they may often seem remote and withdrawn. Some may never learn to talk. There is no cure for autism. But many children with the disorder can be greatly helped with intensive treatment.

Therapist helping boy learn the alphabet.

What is autism?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a range of disorders in which a child's brain doesn't develop normally. Autism or autistic disorder is the most severe form of ASD. Symptoms often appear before age 3 and stay throughout the child’s lifetime. These symptoms can vary widely and may be mild or severe. Most people with autism have trouble talking and relating to others. They often seem to be in a world of their own. Some children with the disorder may not respond to smiles or eye contact. They also may repeat certain actions over and over. They may follow rigid routines or be obsessed with parts of objects. A few may even try to harm themselves or others.

Who does it affect?

Boys are 4 times more likely to have autism than girls. Autism crosses all ethnic and social lines. Any child can develop this disorder.

What causes it?

Parents of children with autism often blame themselves. But autism is no one's fault. Certain genes may affect the way your child's brain develops. Other factors, such as viruses or chemicals, may also play a role.

What can help?

Early help is crucial for children with autism because children learn best when they're very young. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a formal autism screening for all children at the 18 and 24-month well child visits. This screen is in addition to regular developmental checks. This helps identify children with behavioral and developmental challenges as early as possible. With early intervention, special therapists can help your child learn social and language skills. School programs can be tailored to your child's needs. As your child gets older, many caring professionals can help. Talking to your healthcare provider is a good place to start.

Signs of autism

Each person with autism is unique. Some children with autism may:

  • Be slow in learning to talk or not learn to talk at all

  • Want to be alone rather than with others

  • Not share and play the way other children do

  • Be sensitive to sounds, touch, smells, or tastes

  • Throw tantrums or try to harm themselves or others

Updated:  

February 15, 2018

Reviewed By:  

Ballas, Paul, DO,Fraser, Marianne, MSN, RN,Images Reviewed by Staywell medical art team.